Do Conspiracy Theorists Have Lower Iqs?

Millions of Americans believe in conspiracy theories, including those who may be considered smarter. A 2021 meta-analysis study found that intuitive thinking is unrelated to intelligence, suggesting that even intelligent individuals could be susceptible to conspiracy beliefs. New research published in Applied Cognitive Psychology provides evidence that critical thinking skills are negatively related to belief in conspiracy theories. For example, people who believe in vaccine conspiracy theories are less inclined to vaccinate their kids, creating pockets of infectious disease that put entire communities at risk.

A national survey of 2021 U.S. adults found that conspiracy theorists were less intelligent, more hostile, anxious, disagreeable, and cynical. In person-centered analyses, two classes of individuals scored higher on conspiratorial ideation and one who scored lower. The higher the level of critical thinking, the lower the belief in conspiracy theories, potentially offering a better understanding of how people think.

Research shows that critical thinking is a more inclusive construct than intelligence, going beyond what general cognitive ability can account for. Baseless theories threaten our safety and democracy, as specific emotions make people prone to such thinking. Conspiracy theories (CTs) are essentially the belief that the causes of major social, political, and economic events are due to a plot by multiple, evil entities.

Positive thinking skills are negatively related to belief in conspiracy theories, as they can impact public and personal health, democratic citizenship, and political beliefs. Understanding the psychological factors associated with their spread is crucial to address the profound societal impact of conspiracy theories.